So, do we have a skeletal fluorosis epidemic on our hands? If not, why? Telling me that a substance can cause bad effects at chronic high-doses is not telling me anything at all, because poison = dose. I am highly skeptical about the dangers of fluoride, but it's also difficult to find non-ADA sponsored studies about it.
edit:
http://ndt.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/gfm477v1
Quote:
However, while access to fluoridated drinking water has positive effects on dental health, the characteristics of fluoride metabolism mean that fluoride consumption may have implications for the kidney. The calcified tissues in the human body contain 99% of the body burden of fluoride and most of this is non-exchangeable. Absorption of fluoride is rapid and extensive, with about 50% of the absorbed fluoride becoming associated with calcified tissues within 24 h and the remainder being excreted in the urine. In infants and young children, the amount of fluoride retained in calcified tissues is >50% of the ingested daily amount. The renal clearance of fluoride is high, around 30–40 ml/min in healthy adults [7]. Fluoride is freely filtered by the glomerulus and then undergoes a variable amount of tubular reabsorption. Fluoride excretion falls markedly in the presence of an acid urine and is increased with higher rates of urine flow [8–10]. Considering the pivotal role of the kidney in the body's ability to metabolize fluoride, there have been surprisingly few attempts to synthesize studies relating to the relationship between fluoride consumption and kidney function. The most recent literature reviews on the health effects of fluoride intake have contained limited discussion on the potential impact on the kidneys
Quote:
There is no consistent evidence that the retention of fluoride in people with stage 4 or 5 CKD who consume optimally fluoridated drinking water results in any negative health consequences. Animal studies have demonstrated that rats with compromised kidney function that are exposed to the level of fluoride that is commonly encountered by human populations (1 ppm in drinking water) do not develop any clinically adverse extraskeletal physiological, biochemical or genetic outcomes [21]. In addition, in rats with surgically induced renal deficiency, consumption of fluoridated water in concentrations equivalent to 3 and 10 ppm is required to cause osteomalacia and reduced bone strength [37]. Changes in the function of normal rat kidneys occur only following administration of extremely high doses of fluoride, equivalent to severe fluoride intoxication [38].
Quote:
Studies of people with end-stage kidney disease by Cohen-Solal et al. [35] and Erben et al. [27] also failed to show any relationship between increased levels of fluoride in serum and bone and the presence of bone conditions such as osteomalacia or osteodystrophy. Similarly, in a small study of infants receiving peritoneal dialysis, significantly increased serum fluoride levels were not associated with dental fluorosis or abnormal bone mineralization [29].
I don't think any amount of paranoia could find anything wrong with this source. It's not American, it's not associated with any dentists, World Health Organization (I assume you think they're in on it, too), or the CDC (of course in on it, too, I assume).
Call me unconvinced.
edit2
Quote:
The fluoride in the water is not calcium or sodium fluoride but rather type of fluoride (name is escaping me,,, i will update it when I have access to my book) that is considered by the EPA as a industrial hazardous waste.
I'm like 85% certain that the phosphate industry's fluoride is considered a by-product, not industrial waste. But I mean, if you want to call the molasses made from sugar manufacturing an "industrial waste product", you'd be walkin' along the same lines.